What is Blepharitis?

• Inflammation of the eyelids
• Affects the base of the eyelashes
• Can be chronic or recurrent
• Often affects both eyes
• Not contagious but can cause discomfort

What causes Blepharitis?

• Bacterial infection, usually staphylococcal
• Clogged oil glands in the eyelids
• Dandruff of the scalp or eyebrows
• Rosacea and other skin conditions
• Allergic reactions or irritants
• Mite infestation on eyelashes

What are the symptoms of Blepharitis?

• Red, swollen eyelids
• Itchy or burning eyes
• Crusts or flakes at the base of eyelashes
• Watery or dry eyes
• Sensitivity to light
• Gritty or foreign body sensation in the eyes
• Blurry vision that improves with blinking
• Eyelash loss or abnormal growth

Types of Blepharitis

Anterior blepharitis

• Affects the front part of the eyelid
• Caused by bacteria or dandruff

Posterior blepharitis

• Affects the inner edge of the eyelid
• Caused by issues with oil glands

How is Blepharitis diagnosed?

• Eye examination by an eye care professional
• Slit-lamp exam to inspect eyelid margins
• Review of symptoms and medical history
• Swab of eyelid for lab testing if infection is severe

How is Blepharitis treated?

Eyelid hygiene

• Daily cleaning of eyelids with warm water and gentle cleanser
• Use of warm compresses to loosen crusts
• Gentle massage of eyelids to clear blocked oil glands

Medications

• Antibiotic ointments or drops
• Oral antibiotics for severe or persistent cases
• Steroid eye drops for inflammation
• Artificial tears for dryness

Lifestyle and self-care

• Avoid eye makeup during flare-ups
• Wash hands regularly and avoid touching eyes
• Manage skin conditions like rosacea or dandruff

What are the complications of Blepharitis?

• Chronic eye irritation
• Eyelid scarring or thickening
• Loss or misdirection of eyelashes
• Dry eye syndrome
• Conjunctivitis
• Chalazion or stye formation

How can Blepharitis be prevented?

• Maintain good eyelid hygiene
• Treat underlying skin or scalp conditions
• Avoid irritants such as smoke or dust
• Use non-irritating eye makeup
• Replace eye makeup products regularly

When to see a doctor?

• Persistent eye redness or irritation
• Blurred vision that does not improve
• Pain or swelling in the eyelid
• Frequent styes or chalazia
• Symptoms that affect daily activities