Fainting, or passing out, is a sudden temporary loss of consciousness due to reduced blood flow to the brain. It can be caused by dehydration, pain, fear, standing for too long, or an underlying medical condition. Knowing what to do can help prevent injury and ensure a quick recovery.

Steps to Follow if Someone Faints

1. Check responsiveness
Gently tap the person and ask if they are okay. If they do not respond, check if they are breathing and have a pulse. If they are not breathing, call for emergency help and begin CPR.

2. If the person is breathing
Lay the person flat on their back.
Raise their legs about 12 inches to help restore blood flow to the brain.
Loosen any tight clothing around the neck or waist.
Make sure the area is well ventilated or open a window if indoors.

3. Stay with the person
Allow them to rest lying down for 10 to 15 minutes.
Once awake, help them sit up slowly before standing.
Offer water if they are fully conscious and not feeling nauseated.

4. Seek medical help if
The person has never fainted before
They fainted during physical activity
They experience chest pain, shortness of breath, or confusion
They are pregnant
They have a heart condition or a history of fainting

What Not to Do

Do not leave the person alone while they are unconscious
Do not try to give them food or water while they are unresponsive
Do not allow them to get up too quickly after regaining consciousness
Do not splash water on their face or slap them

Common Causes of Fainting

Dehydration
Low blood pressure
Sudden change in position
Overheating or heat exhaustion
Emotional stress, fear, or pain
Low blood sugar
Heart rhythm problems or neurological disorders