Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus primarily spread by Aedes mosquitoes, especially Aedes aegypti. It is common in tropical and subtropical regions.

How Is Zika Virus Transmitted?

• Mainly through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes
• From mother to baby during pregnancy
• Through sexual contact with an infected person
• Blood transfusions (rare)

Symptoms of Zika Virus Infection

Most people infected with Zika virus have mild or no symptoms. When symptoms occur, they usually appear 2 to 7 days after infection and may include:

• Fever
• Rash
• Joint pain
• Red eyes (conjunctivitis)
• Muscle pain
• Headache

Risks and Complications

• Zika infection during pregnancy can cause serious birth defects, including microcephaly (small head and brain) and other neurological problems.
• Rarely, Zika virus can cause Guillain-Barré syndrome, a neurological disorder causing muscle weakness.

Prevention

• Avoid mosquito bites by using insect repellents and wearing long-sleeved clothing.
• Remove standing water where mosquitoes breed.
• Practice safe sex, especially if traveling to or living in areas with Zika virus.
• Pregnant women should avoid traveling to areas with active Zika transmission.