Gallbladder pain refers to discomfort or sharp pain that originates from the gallbladder, a small organ beneath the liver that stores bile. It is often linked to gallstones or inflammation and is typically felt in the upper right side of the abdomen, sometimes radiating to the back or right shoulder.
Common Causes of Gallbladder Pain
- Gallstones (Cholelithiasis)
Hard particles made of cholesterol or bilirubin that block the bile ducts, causing pain and inflammation. - Gallbladder Inflammation (Cholecystitis)
Occurs when a gallstone blocks the cystic duct, leading to swelling and infection. - Biliary Colic
Sudden, intense pain caused by temporary blockage of the bile duct by a gallstone. - Bile Duct Obstruction
Blockage in the ducts that carry bile from the liver to the small intestine. - Gallbladder Infection or Abscess
Can develop if a blockage leads to bacterial infection. - Gallbladder Cancer (rare)
A more serious cause of persistent upper abdominal pain.
Symptoms of Gallbladder Pain
- Sharp or cramping pain in the upper right abdomen
- Pain that may spread to the back or right shoulder
- Nausea or vomiting
- Bloating or gas
- Pain after eating fatty or greasy foods
- Fever (if infection is present)
- Jaundice (yellowing of skin or eyes in bile duct blockage)
When Does Gallbladder Pain Occur?
Often triggered after eating heavy, fatty meals and can last from 30 minutes to several hours.
Diagnosis
- Abdominal ultrasound
- CT scan or MRI
- Blood tests to check for infection or liver issues
- HIDA scan to assess gallbladder function
Treatment
- Dietary changes (avoid fatty foods)
- Pain relief medications
- Antibiotics if infection is present
- Surgery (cholecystectomy) to remove the gallbladder if pain is recurring or severe