Acid reflux, also known as heartburn, happens when stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus. This causes a burning sensation in the chest, often after eating. It can occur occasionally or become a chronic condition known as GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease).

Common Causes of Acid Reflux or Heartburn

1. Weak Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)
The LES is a ring of muscle that acts like a valve between the stomach and esophagus
If it relaxes or weakens, stomach acid can leak upward

2. Overeating or Eating Too Fast
Large meals or eating quickly can put pressure on the stomach, pushing acid up

3. Trigger Foods and Drinks
Spicy, fried, or fatty foods
Citrus fruits and tomatoes
Chocolate, coffee, alcohol, and carbonated drinks
Peppermint

4. Lying Down After Eating
Lying flat or bending over too soon after a meal can make reflux worse

5. Obesity
Excess weight can increase pressure on the stomach, especially around the abdomen

6. Smoking
Tobacco weakens the LES and increases acid production

7. Pregnancy
Hormonal changes and pressure from the growing baby can trigger reflux

8. Certain Medications
Painkillers (like ibuprofen or aspirin), blood pressure meds, and some muscle relaxants may increase reflux

9. Hiatal Hernia
A condition where part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm, affecting the LES

Symptoms of Acid Reflux
Burning sensation in the chest or throat
Bitter or sour taste in the mouth
Bloating or burping
Nausea or regurgitation
Worse symptoms after eating or at night